Dallas | Fort Worth Ovarian Cancer Group

The issue of genetics and breast cancer can be complicated. When appropriate, genetic counseling and/or genetic testing may be recommended by your physicians. On this web page we are providing only a very brief overview of the genetics involved with ovarian cancer, and information on how to learn more. There are many more factors to the issue of genetics so we recommend anyone who has ovarian or breast cancer, or has a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, to speak with your physician if there are any questions. In addition, the scientific knowledge about the genetics of ovarian cancer is constantly advancing so the information provided here might not be as current as that you can obtain from a genetics counselor or your physician.

Scientists have identified two genes, known as the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. These genes are believed to play a role in suppressing tumors and thereby reducing the cancer risk. Everyone has these genes (male and female). However, some people have mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes - essentially their BRCA genes do not function properly and these patients are at increased risk of certain types of cancer such as ovarian, breast, or prostate cancer. Even if someone has abnormal BRCA genes, it does not necessarily mean that person will get cancer but it may mean an increased risk of cancer.

Is all ovarian cancer believed to be genetic?

No. Whether there is a family history or not, every woman should be aware of the risks of ovarian cancer. However, someone with a genetic predisposition is at a greater risk of cancer. One in approximately 500 people in the general population carries a genetic predisposition to breast and/or ovarian cancer caused by certain changes in the BRCA gene called "deleterious mutations." The likelihood of carrying a BRCA mutation when one is diagnosed with ovarian cancer (even without a family history of breast or ovarian cancer) is approximately 1 in 10! Clearly, a diagnosis of ovarian cancer alone significantly increases the likelihood that a BRCA mutation is present in the family. If there is a mutation found, other family members can and should be tested. If they are found to carry the mutation as well, this information can be used to customize their medical care to potentially reduce their risk of cancer. More information on the BRCA gene involvement with ovarian cancer can be found on our page About Ovarian Cancer. It is also important to note that the BRCA gene mutations can be carried by both men and women.

What is genetic testing?

Genetic testing typically involves a patient first being seen by a genetic counselor. This individual takes a comprehensive medical and family history on the patient. The patient is then advised regarding the details of genetics in breast cancer and a recommendation made regarding genetic testing. For the testing itself a blood sample is taken which is sent to a highly specialized laboratory (Myriad Genetics Laboratories). The genes are analyzed and results returned to the center conducting the genetics testing. Patients may then have a second consultation with the genetics counselor to discuss the results and what those results may mean for the patient.

Does genetic testing affect eligibility for insurance?

Patients are often concerned that abnormal genetic test results may cause them to lose their insurance or be unable to get new insurance in the future. However, HIPAA (the federal legislation that affects many facets of health information) prohibits the use of genetic test results to determine eligibility or rates for insurance. In addition, Texas Bill 75RHB prohibits discrimination in employment or health insurance in group plans of 50 or more. More information about these legislations and insurability can be learned from your genetic counselor.

Additionally, there is GINA - see below:

What is GINA - Genetic Information Non Discrimination Act?

GINA is a new federal law passed by President George Bush in May of 2008. It provides patients with additional protection against genetic discrimination in regard to health insurance and employment. There are also other Texas laws and federal laws that provide this protection as well. GINA paves the way for people to take advantage of the promise of personalized medicine without fear of discrimination. However, current state and federal legislation for genetic discrimination does not cover life insurance or disability insurance. Please talk to your genetic counselor or healthcare provider if you have questions regarding this legislation.

Where can you learn more about genetic testing?

There are a variety of centers in the DFW metroplex, and throughout the country, providing genetic counseling and genetic testing. Check with your physicians for recommendations of a center near you. You can download a list of DFW area genetic counselors by clicking below:

Genetic Counselors List

Additional, the information below is from a presentation given to the office of one of our members several years ago by Becky Althaus, RN, PhD, a genetic counselor with the Baylor W.H. & Peggy Smith Baylor Sammons Breast Center. Contact information about some local genetics centers is noted below. In addition, Myriad Genetics Laboratories has educational material which can be found at their website at www.myriadtests.com.

Baylor University Medical Center
Hereditary Cancer Risk Program
3500 Gaston Avenue, Collins 615
Dallas, TX 75246
Phone: 214-820-8483

Joanne L. Blum, MD, PhD
Becky Althaus, RN, PhD, Certified Genetic Counselor
Gaby Ethington, RN
Tests Offered: BRCAnalysis, COLARIS, COLARIS AP

UT Southwestern
5323 Harry Hines
Dallas, TX 75390
Phone: 214-648-1998

Kristin Shelby, Clinic Coordinator
Tests Offered: BRCAnalysis, COLARIS, COLARIS AP

If there is not yet a risk assessment center near you, call 800-469-7423 for more information.

DFW Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Support Group

This is a group formed in association with FORCE (Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered). It is designed for patients (and their families) who have been tested positive for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (such as BRCA+). They will be meeting quarterly, sometimes in Dallas and sometimes in Ft Worth. For information on upcoming meetings you can call Linda Robinson at 214-645-HOPE. You can also download an informational sheet by clicking here.